Overpopulation in China Essays

Overpopulation in China Essays Overpopulation in China Paper Overpopulation in China Paper This rapid growth of the worlds population can be seen extensively in high density actions such as India, USA and particularly, China. However, there is much debate concerning the nature of the fast expanding populace of China and its impact on not only the Chinese society but also the global community. In last 50 years, China has seen the most significant increase in population growth due to medical advancements and increases in agricultural productivity. This growth has also been attributed to a number of factors such as, an increase in births, a decline in mortality rates, an increase in immigration and depletion of resources. If fertility remained at current levels, the population loud reach the absurd figure of 296 billion in just 1 50 years (McKinney 1998). In 2010 over half of the worlds total population (3. 5 billion people) lived in cities and that percentage is expected to reach 70% (6. 2 billion people) or more by 2050. Today, there are 1 80,21 8 people (almost 4 billion) currently living in China alone, accounting for 60% of the worlds population. Thus, it has the largest population in Asia and the world as a whole. However, the immense number of people residing in cities like Beijing is creating an employment crisis in China where there are too many people ND not enough jobs. The current Chinese unemployment rate was last reported at 4. 1 % in the second quarter of 2012. Historically, from 2002 until 201 2, China unemployment Rate averaged 4. 15%reaching an all-time high of 4. 3% in December of 2003 and a record low of 3. 9% in September of 2002 (Trading Economics, 2012). Chinas job market could suffer a downturn and the government needs to step up efforts to create more positions Cabot, The Telegraph, Friday 28 September 2012). If predictions for a further increase in the population are accurate then Chinas employment situation ill become more complex and more severe, (Went, 201 2, The Official China Securities Journal). Many tactics are currently in action to decrease the population, such as Chinas One Child Policy. The one-child limitation is part of the population control policy of the Peoples Republic of China (PR). It officially restricts couples to having only one child, while allowing exemptions for several cases, including davits, rural couples, ethnic minorities, and parents without any siblings themselves. Approximately 35. 9% of Chinas population is currently subject to the one-child restriction. The policy was introduced in 1978 by the Chinese government to alleviate social, economic, and environmental problems in China and authorities claim that the policy has prevented more than 250 million births from 1980-2000 and 400 million between 1979-2011 (Roach dad Silva, Pascal 2006). The Chinese government and many environmentalists claim that population control is essential if humanity is to move on to a more sustainable track (Watts, 2011 In contrast, an article in The Age written by Peter CIA in July 2012 claims that the one child policy will not reap the desired benefits that the people of China are anticipating. He claims that the Chinese Government needs to take immediate action to change its controversial one-child policy, or face the consequences of economic and social catastrophes in the near future (CIA, 2012). Ghana Earlier (a former senior official from the Family Planning Commission) further claims that If the current policy is not changed immediately, China will face an extremely serious labor shortage and ageing problems in 20 years time. The pressure on society will be unbearable (Earlier, 2012). In contrast, an article in The Age (published 2008) states that 25 years go, China was concerned it had too many children to support. Today, however, China faces the opposite problem: as a result of the success of its One-child policy, the Country faces the prospect of having too few children to support a rapidly aging population (Kane, 2008). Thus, there is much controversy surrounding the policy in regards to its impact on overpopulation. What is more, recently in China, there has been not only a focus on the one child policy but also on smart growth, containment, urban growth boundaries, compactness, density and many other concerns. The big encores in regards to overpopulation are the size and density of a population; the ratio of population to resources; whether these resources are available and sustainable and how resources get distributed -? and these concerns are inevitably creating a real world crisis. However, overpopulation is causing a negative impact beyond just the availability of resources. It is forcing China into a State where there is a lack of renewable and non- renewable resources; diminishing sustainable food and fresh water supply; growing disease; epidemics; overcrowding and environmental pollution. Population densities are four times greater in the developing world than in the developed world. Developing nations are likely to more than triple their developed land areas by 2050 (Bee, 2012). However, because China is a developed nation yet still so heavily populated, the carbon footprint of China is even greater. The three main causes of pollution in China are industrialization; increased vehicle use and population growth. Recent statistics show that 656,000 people die per year in China from air pollution, that 50% of the earths tropical rainforests have been lost since 1947 and 88,000,000 barrels of oil are used per year for fuel, food production and the manufacturing of plastic products. An article in The Age by Matt Wade claims that China has become the largest contributor to the global increase in greenhouse gas emissions thus, causing massive air pollution. The more people consuming, the more waste results and more waste means more stress endured on the environment. Water supplies that are contaminated because of the mass amounts of waste continue to be consumed because of the human need for water to survive. Hazardous waste is also causing major lath problems which are contributing to the many diseases and illnesses affecting humans. Pollution is blamed for 300,000 deaths and 20 million cases of respiratory illness a yea (Wade, 2011) and has a direct link to overpopulation. Overpopulation and the pollution that comes as a result of it, has an impact not only on quality and quantity of human life, but also on the worlds already diminishing sustainable food supply. We are five years into a severe global food crisis that is not likely to ease until the global population has considerably declined from its likely peak of over nine billion people in 2050. One billion people were classified as undernourished by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2009, and nearly a billion undernourished in each of 2007, 2008, and 201 1. 3 billion people in the world today struggle to survive on IIS$2/day, and food prices are rising. Experts seem to agree that we need to increase food production by somewhere between 60 100% by 2050 to sufficiently feed this many people (Granting, 2012). Food shortages are the major cause of malnutrition, susceptibility to disease, stunted growth, stunted brain power and starvation ND Chinas current situation will only get worse unless the population is quickly stabilized and an agricultural advancement is discovered. Fifth one child policy was to be relaxed, only a slight increase in average fertility would increase Chinas population and mouths to feed by hundreds of millions. Olivier De Schuster, a UN expert, argues in an article published in The Guardian that the Chinese government has gone to great lengths to ensure the worlds biggest population has enough to eat, however the countries ability to feed a fifth Of the worlds population will become tougher because f land degradation, arbitration and over-reliance on fossil-fuels and fertilizer (De Schuster, 2011 The widening rural-urban gap has hit supply and demand of food with nationwide nutrition levels rising and the growing income disparity has left sharp discrepancies in access to food. China is running out of arable farmland and water resources necessary to feed its massive population. The nation has one of the lowest ratios of arable land relative to population, and the situation has been exacerbated as industries consume scarce water resources necessary for farming. Government officials re warning that that situation is getting worse, not better (Fernando, 201 0, The Business Insider). Ghana Ping, minister of the National Development and Reform Commission claims that acute shortages of reserve farmland and water resources are now the main restraints for the country to ensure its food security.

Market and Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Market and Society - Essay Example As such, there are various forms of capitalism, which includes state capitalism, welfare capitalism and laissez-faire (Bowles 2007, p. 41). Through the historical accounts, it is said that capitalism came into existence following the fall of feudal system and this explains its dominance in the western world in the earlier times, and now. Capitalism in this regard has been applied over a period in different geographical areas that embrace different cultures with varied political approaches (Ingham 2008, p. 34). Work in the Category of Economy in the Capitalist World In this case, work also referred to as labor, should be of significance purpose to the economy; it should be able to have a positive effect on the economic status of the society. This also explains why in the capitalist countries, there have been many endeavors to manage the labor so that the efficiency of their input can be maximized in the total output that is achieved. As explained above, capitalism is driven by the amo unt of profit, which interprets that in capitalism, work should be such that it maximizes profit for the company and should be exploited as possible for making profit be realized in the maximum possible way (Merino 2010, p. 63). Labor therefore play a major role in the capitalism economy; their purpose, and viability has to be established, as this will help in quantifying the output from every department and comparing it with the cost of hiring the labor and decide whether it is economically sound. To further explain the importance of work in capitalism, reference is made to the industrial revolution when there were many people involved in the production sector. During the industrial revolution, there were several raw materials for industrial productions that were obtained from agrarian revolution that was characterized by increased production from the farms. The western countries particularly wanted to maximize the opportunity by increasing the volume of work force and the hours in which the employees would work in a day (Silk and Mark 1996, p. 53). It will also be remembered that there were rampant child labor that was incorporated into the system to supplement labor requirement. The extent with which work was considered in the industrial revolution, which happened to have been facilitated by the capitalist, explains the rationale behind the consideration of work in capitalist system. There is a strong belief that work and economy goes together and in most cases, economy is considered a function of work and this provides adequate explanation for the situation that was presented during industrial revolution in the western countries. Work Categorized as a Moral in Capitalism With the view of capitalism considering work as a fundamental part of production for the economy to be driven, there are several ways through which work has been considered. The issue of management is geared towards the satisfaction the human resource such that they can be motivated and be enthusiastic to work for more production to be realized (Reich 1991, p. 66). In the management, several incentives are availed to the employees to enhance their efficiencies in performance and the relationship between the employee and the employer is expected to be symbiotic. This can be construed from the principal goal of the management of the human resource; a complete maximum prosperity from the employer and the employee is expected to exist. The use of ‘

Exam3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Exam3 - Essay Example In the 1820s and the 1830s, the scenario was not about excessive trusts running monopolies like the Rockefellers and the other robber barons, or scandals of hedge funds and financial markets like recently witnessed. The 1820s and 1830s were times of excessive banking operations that were thought to stifle the welfare of the ordinary citizen who did not have meaningful financial enlightenment and economic power. Jacksonians therefore viewed themselves as breaking the mighty alliance created by the Federal Bank and the Second Bank of the United States with their massive powers over the economy. The struggle was provoked by the recognition among elites that foreign money from European Jewish investors would give such foreigners excessive power over the very government and the Jacksonians successfully affected a redress. The Jacksonians therefore believed in expanded suffrage, manifest destiny by enriching the whites, patronage of elected officials appointing their supporters to positions and strict constitutionalism to avoid the meddle of the private institutions encroachment of state sovereignty. They believed thus in laissez-faire economics so that individuals would channel their destinies. Jacksonians reviled the centralization of political and economic power in the state. The central government was seen as the enemy of individual liberties and they effectively initiated reforms in the Democratic Party to make useful changes. 2. Use TWO of the following categories to analyze the ways in which African Americans created a distinctive culture in slavery: Family, Music, Oral traditions, Religions. African Americans created distinctive slave cultures due to the conditioning they received from their masters. The interactions between masters and slaves was characterised by indoctrination and Christianization. Whereas the slave always viewed his master as a monarch, their languishing in helplessness would only intensify their quest for spiritual redemption in

Tea Leaves Essay Example for Free

Tea Leaves Essay Fuente 4th block 18 February 2013 Divination by Tea Leaves The divination of tea leaves began in the 17th century when tea became a very popular drink. As people began drinking their tea, they came up with tasseomancy, or tasseography, which is just a type of tea leaf divination. People prefer divination by tea leaves because it is the easiest and most accessible for everyday people. It is a form of scyring. First of all, Tea is poured into a cup without a strainer, and the inquirer contemplates their issue and then drinks all the tea. With the moisture left in the cup, they then spin the leaves three times clockwise and turn the cup upside down. Then someone reads the pattern of the tea leaves and determines the inquirers fortune, be it good or bad. Many people do not use this form of divination for it takes more psychic ability than non-psychic. You read the symbols based on standard interpretations. It’s said that the closer to the rim the leaves are, the sooner they are to happen. The rim is labeled as the future, whereas the bottom of the cup is the distant future or the outcome of your conflict. The only problem is that there are different systems of symbolic interpretations. Choosing the right type of tea leaf divination is key to becoming comfortable with the system and get accurate readings. However, divination isn’t used to make your decision for you. Divination is merely used to help inspire you in making your own decisions. The tea leaves seen can be depicted in different ways depending on how open your imagination is. As said above, there are many different ways that you can read your tea leaves. You just have to find the one that is suitable for your situation and make sure you keep an open imagination. Works Cited www. divinationbytealeaves. com www. wicca-spirituality. com .

The Problem of Teenage Suicide :: Teenage Suicide Essays

The Problem of Teenage Suicide Most everyone at some time in his or her life will experience periods of anxiety, sadness, and despair. These are normal reactions to the pain of loss, rejection, or disappointment. Those with serious mental illnesses, however, often experience much more extreme reactions, reactions that can leave them mired in hopelessness. And when all hope is lost, some feel that suicide is the only solution. According to the National Institute of Mental Health, scientific evidence has shown that almost all people who take their own lives have a diagnosable mental or substance abuse disorder, and the majority have more than one disorder. In other words, the feelings that often lead to suicide are highly treatable. That’s why it is imperative that we better understand the symptoms of the disorders and the behaviors that often accompany thoughts of suicide. With more knowledge, we can often prevent the devastation of losing a loved one. Now the eighth-leading cause of death overall in the U.S. and the third-leading cause of death for young people between the ages of 15 and 24 years, suicide has become the subject of much recent focus. U.S. Surgeon General David Satcher, for instance, recently announced his Call to Action to Prevent Suicide, 1999, an initiative intended to increase public awareness, promote intervention strategies, and enhance research. The media, too, has been paying very close attention to the subject of suicide, writing articles and books and running news stories. Suicide among our nation’s youth, a population very vulnerable to self-destructive emotions, has perhaps received the most discussion of late. Maybe this is because teenage suicide seems the most tragic—lives lost before they’ve even started. Yet, while all of this recent focus is good, it’s only the beginning. We cannot continue to lose so many lives unnecessarily. Some Basic Facts In 1996, more teenagers and young adults died of suicide than from cancer, heart disease, AIDS, birth defects, stroke, pneumonia and influenza, and chronic lung disease combined. In 1996, suicide was the second-leading cause of death among college students, the third-leading cause of death among those aged 15 to 24 years, and the fourth- leading cause of death among those aged 10 to 14 years. From 1980 to 1996, the rate of suicide among African-American males aged 15 to 19 years increased by 105 percent. It is a hopeful sign that while the incidence of suicide among adolescents and young adults nearly tripled from 1965 to 1987, teen suicide rates in the past ten years have actually been declining, possibly due to increased recognition and treatment.

Education System in Desperate need of Change Essay

Sir William Haley once said, â€Å"Education would be so much more effective if its purpose were to ensure that by the time they leave school every boy and girl should know how much they don’t know, and be imbued with a lifelong desire to know it†. If students were guaranteed to leave school with knowing of what they don’t know and the desire to continue learning, the method of learning will be correct. Today’s education system does not give students the opportunity to enjoy what they are learning. The banking method, where students are empty vessels which educators must deposit knowledge into, deprives them of creativity and the desire to learn. No child is given the chance to shine and be unique. Students today are simply being placed on a conveyer belt, sorted, and then labeled according to their so called intelligence. We need an education system that provides a slower learning method, a method where you focus on what is being learned instead of zipping through it, and the freedom to make mistakes as this will electrify and stimulate students to fulfill their potential. We must recognize students as individuals and keep in mind their diverse backgrounds. In â€Å"Lives on the Boundary,† Rose states, â€Å"The canon has intended to push to the margins much of the literature of our nation: from American Indian songs and chants to immigrant fiction to working-class narratives† (100). The messages that are received from the text are crucial. The students need to be able to relate to what they have before them. One of the problems with today’s education system is we are given material to read, memorize, and expected to repeat it back at the snap of a finger. But without the ability to relate and connect with the material, the learning doesn’t take place. Everything that is read or being said is just going through one ear and out the other. By adding relatable texts, you add life to learning. In â€Å"Learning in the Key of Life,† Jon Spayde states, â€Å"people cannot learn what they do not love† (69). When students are reading or learning about a subject they love, they are inspired and motivated to learn more. This alone can benefit the learning process for students. It becomes much easier to grasp concepts learned in class. Today’s education system does not allow all students to thrive in their own way. It is fast paced with limited space for creativeness. We are given large amounts of information at a time and attempt to move as quickly as possible through all that we can. There is never â€Å"time† to stay longer on a topic. The instructors try their hardest to keep the pace, but this way of teaching does not benefit any student. In â€Å"Learning in the Key of Life†, Jon Spayde states, â€Å"†¦we are focusing far too much of our energy and resources on fast knowledge, ignoring all the richness and meaning slow knowledge adds to our lives† (68). When the focus is on just getting through the material, we are skipping over the value and richness of slow knowledge. Instead of zipping through a lesson because it needs to be done by a certain day to move onto the next, the focus needs to be on what is being learned than making a time requirement. Spayde also states, â€Å"You can figure out what you can do pretty quickly, but the ethical understanding of what you ought to do comes slowly†. We need to adopt the slow learning method, without it we are missing out on more than we think. There is so much more to learning than getting through the material, the purpose of it is to benefit and gain from it. With slow knowledge we will achieve this. One of the most important changes that needs to be done is the view on mistakes. In the article, â€Å"How to Make Mistakes,† Dennett states, â€Å"Mistakes are not just golden opportunities for learning; they are, in an important sense, the only opportunity for learning something truly new†. When fear is being put into a student to never make a mistake, their education is stunted. They lose the ability to explore and take the chance of being wrong because they are repeatedly punished for being incorrect. When a mistake is made, students will learn where they went wrong and will then grow from it. The key to progress is making mistakes. The reason we are in school is to learn, but with this opportunity taken away from students their ability to learn is ripped from their grasp. Daniel C. Dennett also states, â€Å"You should seek out opportunities to make grand mistakes, just so you can then recover from them†. Instead of using all of their energy to attempt to be perfect and run from being inaccurate, every student should look for every opportunity to be wrong. Without errors, the students can not accomplish much. If you look at Todays’ education system is in desperate need of change. No student is given the opportunity to show what they are fully capable of. Instead they are told what they can do. They are simply labeled and placed where they â€Å"should be†. But when students begin to pursue their mistakes and soak in the richness of slow knowledge, they will begin to truly learn. Maria Montessori once said, â€Å"If education is always to be conceived along the same antiquated lines of a mere transmission of knowledge, there is little to be hoped from it in the bettering of man’s future. For what is the use of transmitting knowledge if the individual’s total development lags behind? †. If many students are having difficulty learning in the method we have created ages ago, why not change it? The time is now and there is no time to waste. We must refocus this outdated system to insure that the students will have a secure future and keep the standard of living that we have today.

Drugs, Morphine, And Vicodin - 2297 Words

Codeine, morphine, and vicodin are some prescription drugs that one may hear of for treating pain. What some people do not know is that in the early 20th century, these drugs were very harmful because they were being made into others much worse. Many of these drugs come from the same types of places and plants and are also made in a similar way. Cocaine, morphine, and heroin started to be produced just as often as the first opioid based prescription drugs and the only difference is that these were much more addictive and dangerous. The introduction of drugs in America caused a serious problem in the early 20th century that spread like a wildfire. As these drugs began to worsen, President Nixon formed the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) to combat these lethal drugs, as well as the gangs and cartels distributing them. In 1968, the Justice Department’s Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs was formed to try and combat the rise in illegal drugs. The agents in this department were composed of previous agents from two separate departments, the Federal Bureau of Narcotics (FBN) and the Bureau of Drug Abuse Control (BDAC). After a few years, the Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs (BNDD) failed to even decrease the illegal drug usage slightly. The president at the time, Richard Nixon, proposed a new offer to combat the war on drugs. The proposition passed and President Nixon stated, â€Å"In order to decrease the illegal drug problems in America, we have to first stopShow MoreRelatedOpiate Addiction : Opiate Abuse And Addiction859 Words   |  4 Pagesabuse and addiction destroys the lives of many people. These drugs are generally used for pain management, but are often misused and abused. This research paper will define the action of opioids, drug categories, withdrawal symptoms, and t reatment options that are available. 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